Australia has the highest rate of melanoma in the world — and the most innovative research and treatment strategies to match. That's right; we're the leading providers of melanoma care, prevention, and management.
In this article, we will compare Australia's comprehensive approach to melanoma with global standards of care. We'll highlight our country's significant contributions to improving survival rates and reducing the incidence rate of this highly prevalent form of skin cancer.
Australia holds the unenviable title of the country with the highest per capita incidence of melanoma, a significant public health concern.
A 2022 study from the Melanoma Institute Australia revealed that our incidence rate is 8.7 times larger than the global average. Roughly 17,000 Australians are diagnosed with melanoma every year, and 205,000 are expected to be diagnosed with the disease before 2030.
This places us ahead of other countries known for their high melanoma rates, including New Zealand and the United States. It highlights Australia's urgent need for effective melanoma prevention, research, and treatment methods.
Over the last decade, Australia has seen some significant advancements in melanoma treatment, most notably in targeted therapies and immunotherapies. These treatments have revolutionised our approach to combating melanoma, focusing on the genetic makeup of tumours and the body's immune response.
There's even been a recent melanoma breakthrough showing that drug treatment prior to surgery can effectively prevent the spread of cancer!
Australia's contributions extend globally, with our country's researchers leading international clinical trials and studies that have become the foundation for new global treatment standards.
Our leadership in this field not only highlights our innovative approach to melanoma care as a nation but also our vital role in advancing global cancer treatment practices.
Due to Australia's high rates of melanoma and other forms of skin cancer, our healthcare leaders have put significant emphasis on preventative campaigns to spread awareness and potentially life-saving information.
These efforts have become globally recognised, combining public awareness campaigns, screening programs, and sun protection tips.
Initiatives like the SunSmart program educate Australians about the importance of wearing sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing to mitigate any risks associated with UV radiation.
These efforts are supported by melanoma statistics; this data helps to drive home the message about the importance of early diagnosis and limiting sun exposure.
In comparison, other countries have adopted a variety of approaches, from intensive public health campaigns to implementing national screening programs aimed at early detection.
You can see the effectiveness of these measures in melanoma's incidence and survival rates worldwide. Tailored public health strategies work, especially if they closely consider the local climate, culture, and healthcare infrastructure.
Australia's focus on early detection has significantly improved melanoma survival rates, further emphasising the importance of regular skin checks and general public awareness.
This proactive approach helps healthcare professionals catch melanoma at its most treatable stage, greatly reducing mortality rates. Understanding the risk factors for melanoma is crucial for prevention and early detection.
These indicators help identify individuals in the population who are at higher risk of developing melanoma and other skin cancers. Acknowledging and addressing these factors can reduce the number of cases and, subsequently, deaths from this disease.
Australia's support for melanoma survivors is comprehensive, focusing on both the physical and psychological aspects of recovery.
Programs are designed to support patients from diagnosis through to long-term survivorship, offering resources like counselling, rehabilitation, and patient education.
This approach contrasts with some other countries with significantly lower rates of melanoma and other types of skin cancer. For these nations, supportive care may get less emphasis in the public eye, or it may be focused on diagnosis and other early stages of care.
Australian survivorship programs aim to improve the quality of life and reduce the mortality rate by addressing the broad needs of patients across the country.
The economic impact of melanoma treatment in Australia is significant. Consider both the direct costs, like hospital care and medications, and indirect costs, such as lost productivity and patient out-of-pocket expenses.
This financial burden is substantial, especially when compared to other countries, where the cost structures and healthcare systems differ wildly. For example, countries with public healthcare systems may show different economic impacts from those with primarily private healthcare.
Australia is well-recognised as a global leader in melanoma care. Our healthcare experts pioneer research and innovative treatment strategies that significantly influence global practices.
Despite this leadership position, our country still faces the brunt of the melanoma burden, such as giving widespread access to care across our population and further reducing our high melanoma incidence rates.
The path forward calls for a strong commitment to continuous learning and improvement, using the latest research and fostering global collaborations to share insights and advancements.
This approach not only aims to enhance care within Australia, but also to contribute valuable knowledge and resources to the worldwide fight against melanoma.
In the fight against melanoma, knowledge is power. Our doctors are dedicated to reading credible reports and publications, staying updated with the latest news and trends in melanoma care and prevention.
With the rising incidence rates of skin cancers, understanding the importance of regular skin checks and the range of available services becomes crucial.
At SunDoctors, we offer invaluable resources and links on our website to guide Australians in making informed decisions based on their own risk factors and experience with skin cancer.
Understanding melanoma is crucial for any Australian, and being proactive about your skin health can make all the difference.
We encourage everyone to reach out to their healthcare provider or their local SunDoctors clinic to learn more about melanoma, the benefits of regular skin checks, and the latest guidelines and options for comprehensive care.
Staying informed greatly improves your chances of early detection. Men and women alike, at any age, across all communities, should prioritise these checks as a vital part of their healthcare practice.The healthcare team at SunDoctors are the experts in checking your skin for signs of skin cancer. With skin cancer clinics across QLD, NSW, VIC & SA, make sure you book in to give both yourself and your family peace of mind, letting you and your loved ones get back to work and play that much sooner! Call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to book your appointment today!
Each year, 1400 Australians lose their lives to melanoma. After breast cancer and prostate cancer, melanoma is the most commonly diagnosed invasive cancer in Australia.
With about 17,000 Australians diagnosed each year, it's crucial to look at how a diagnosis affects not only our physical health but also what impact it has on our emotional well-being, as well as its financial and social impacts.
Let's look now at the impact melanoma has on individuals, families, and society, as Australia looks to tackle the problem and aims to reduce the death toll from this disease to zero.
The Melanoma Institute Australia reports that nearly 40% of people diagnosed with melanoma suffer from anxiety or depression. In this way, melanoma also takes an emotional toll on the families of melanoma patients. Pain, fatigue, skin rashes and financial stress can all contribute to the anxiety a patient and their family feel at any stage of the disease — even in survivors.
In State of the Nation – A Report into Melanoma, A National Health Priority, one in five patients did not have any support from a carer or family during diagnosis or treatment. More than 50% of respondents to their survey admitted they had not received adequate support following treatment. This was largely attributed to a lack of screening for anxiety and depression and a poor understanding of their experience by health professionals.
The report calls for a model of care for melanoma survivors that includes supported care plans and the funding of melanoma nurses to help overcome the emotional impact of the disease.
In the same report, more than 60% of melanoma patients said their ability to work had been affected, with many forced to leave their jobs altogether. This puts further strain on individuals and families, no doubt adding to the prevalence of anxiety and depression mentioned above. It's estimated that over the coming years, melanoma sufferers will face more than $1.2 billion in out-of-pocket costs.
Potential financial burdens on individual melanoma patients include:
As Australia has the highest incidence rates in the world, melanoma also puts a great strain on the country's healthcare system. The State of the Nation melanoma report conservatively estimates that without immediate action to lower melanoma rates, and thus, the mortality rate, direct health system costs from now until 2030 will be more than $3 billion.
As research breakthroughs lead to increased survival rates and more long-term melanoma survivors, the need for more survivorship support is only set to increase in the coming years. As part of a five-point strategy to eliminate melanoma deaths within a generation, the report suggests a model be adopted for support and survivorship care. For example, although they save more lives, targeted therapies and immunotherapies have significant side effects. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among melanoma survivors also poses a problem.
Consistent cancer care plans, a greater understanding of a patient's challenges by health professionals, and more screening for care needs are required in order to deliver significant change in the quality of life and better outcomes for melanoma survivors.
The Melanoma Institute Australia asserts that a future free from melanoma deaths is achievable within a generation if the Australian Government takes immediate action. It says increased funding should be a priority. It cites the example of road safety funding, which exceeds melanoma prevention and awareness funding, despite the fact that melanoma cases account for more deaths each year.
Investments in research, greater steps for early detection and reducing melanoma diagnosis variation could reduce mortality by 30%. Better survivorship care is also proposed, as is a national prevention and awareness strategy that could reduce the incidence rate of melanoma by 44%.
Knowing the facts and statistics is one thing, but all Australians should take action each day to ensure a skin cancer-free future. Following these steps can help you or someone you love from developing skin cancer or give them the ability to cope with a melanoma diagnosis.
With SunDoctors skin cancer clinics in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia, you don't have to go far to find an expert to check your skin for signs of melanoma and other skin cancers. Skin checks take a matter of minutes, and it could save your life. Book a skin cancer check online or call 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to book your appointment today.
It's no exaggeration to say that life on Earth directly results from our sun. The sun is as integral to life as water and food, and we are no exception in our need for its warmth and health benefits. While it has long been known that moderate sunlight is good for our bodies, there is a growing awareness in the scientific community that the sun is also essential for our mental health.
However, we must be wary and recognise how much sun we truly need vs what is safe over the long term. Most Australians are aware that our skin cancer rates are among the highest in the world, with the same sun that gives us our beautiful weather able to cause great harm if we aren't careful under its gaze. The importance of arming yourself with local knowledge and information, following guidelines and resources regarding safe UV exposure, and following government advice and education to keep yourself safe and happy under the Australian sun cannot be overstated.
So, how do we reap the benefits while minimising the risk? Read on to find out.
Sunlight is essential to our bodies, brains, and minds, including our moods. In fact, there is a condition called seasonal affective disorder (SAD), which is a type of depression that arises in the summer months in places where sunlight becomes extremely limited (such as in the Nordic countries). Bright light therapy is one effective way that SAD is treated, so it is clear just how essential consistent but safe amounts of light are.
We need this sunlight because it makes our bodies produce vitamin D. There are two types of vitamin D: D2 and D3. Vitamin D2 comes from plants and fungi (mushrooms), while our bodies make vitamin D3 as a result of sun exposure. UVB radiation, a type of ultraviolet light, is the type of UV rays that cause our bodies to make vitamin D3. Without vitamin D, people can develop osteoporosis and joint and bone pain, which certainly will not help sustain a good mood!
While we absolutely do need a small amount of sunlight exposure to properly function, this does not mean we should be heading to the beach to sunbake for hours! In fact, most people can get their required vitamin D each day by simply going about their daily activities. Sitting by the window, hanging out the washing, or going for a short walk is all most of us need to get our required sun exposure. In Australia, when the UV Index is above 3, only a few minutes outdoors is required.
We also need to be mindful of sun safety. One concern you may have is, "Won't wearing sunscreen block out the UV I need to make vitamin D?" and the answer is both yes and no. Sunscreen is a very effective way to block UV, including UVB, but it doesn't block 100% of UV radiation, and that small amount that gets through is enough for our good health. Remember, the SPF number tells us how much UVB gets through the layer of sunscreen. SPF30 allows 1/30 (3.3%) of the total UVB through to the skin, meaning it blocks 96.7%, while SPF50 allows 1/50th (2%) of the total UVB radiation through while it blocks a whopping 98%.
Checking your local UV Index levels is a great way to ensure that you are outside during the safest times of the day. Venturing out in the early morning or late afternoon, when the sun's rays are a bit weaker, is an effective way to meet your sunlight needs without risking sunburn or other skin damage. All the regular sun safety measures still apply, such as sunscreen, long sleeves and pants, a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses, and staying in the shade during the hottest, most UV-intensive parts of the day.
Adequate hydration is also essential during hot weather, and doing an activity with friends or family, whether that is lawn games, a picnic, playing sports, or simply going for a walk, can go a long way towards your self-care, promoting mindfulness and relaxation and helping with stress prevention.
In Australia, we are blessed with beautiful weather almost all year round, with surf and sun being the enviable image our country promotes, but it comes at a price. Sun damage is a very real and constant risk of sun exposure, and over the long term, areas of sun damage can cause skin cancers to form, including melanoma.
Spend time outdoors outside those middle-of-the-day hours when the UV levels fall again, but remember to take sun safety precautions no matter what time of the day you go out. Even a small amount of sunshine can cause damage, especially over a lifetime of sun exposure. Most people need no more than a few minutes of sun exposure a day to get all the benefits of adequate vitamin D levels.
For those with sensitive skin, sitting near a window, away from direct light, can still be a way to enjoy the health benefits of the sun. But don't stay too long! Even indirect light carries levels of UV, so be mindful of how long you expose your skin. It is also key to remember that while sun damage is obviously localised, any skin patch can soak up the sun to produce vitamin D. Share the load by allowing one arm, then the other, followed by your legs, to take a short turn in the sun.
As diligent as we must be as Australians to protect ourselves from the sun, it's unfortunate that we live in the skin cancer capital of the world, and even the best skin health measures may not always be enough. One way we improve our mental health and reduce our anxiety is to get regular skin checks to give ourselves peace of mind.
The doctors at SunDoctors are skin health professionals with extensive experience in identifying and treating all forms of skin cancer, from basal cell carcinomas to the dreaded melanoma. So, if you have a mole on your neck you've been meaning to get looked at or a spot with a strange colour and size elsewhere on your body, book a skin check with SunDoctors today so that you can get back to enjoying the warm sunshine much sooner.
Our team of experienced doctors will provide you with an initial skin check and consultation before talking you through the best options for treatment should our in-house laboratories find anything in the biopsy. With various services and treatments, including nonsurgical removal options, you can trust you're in excellent hands with SunDoctors.
The sun is vital to our health, including mental health, but we must always be mindful of how much we're getting and when. A few minutes daily is generally enough to meet our vitamin D needs. Choosing the best times to go outside and using sunscreen, protective clothing, and other sun protection measures means we can enjoy the sun safely, reaping the benefits we need while minimising the risks of sun damage.
Regular skin checks are your best defence against skin cancer, as cancers that are detected early are much easier to treat.
The doctors at SunDoctors are the experts in checking your skin for signs of skin cancer. With skin cancer clinics across QLD, NSW, VIC & SA, make sure you book in to give yourself and your family peace of mind, letting you and your loved ones get back to work and play that much sooner!
Call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to book your appointment today!
Does it ever feel like our whole lives are full of screens? From morning emails to late-night scrolling, a lot of people are glued to their computers and phones, whether it's for work or for fun — but have you considered how blue light from these devices affects your skin?
It's not just about UV rays from the sun anymore. Blue light exposure is the new frontier in skin health. Don't worry, there's no need to stress.
This guide will help you understand and tackle the effects of blue lights, keeping your skin happy and healthy in our tech-savvy world.
Let's dive into the simple yet effective ways to protect your skin in the era of screens!
Let's chat about blue light. It's a big part of our daily lives now. Here's what you need to know.
Blue light is part of the light spectrum that's visible to the human eye. Its waves are shorter and pack more energy than other visible light types. Think of it as the zippy, high-energy part of the spectrum.
Our main blue light sources are digital screens — your phone, laptop, and tablet are all culprits. But that's not all; LED and fluorescent lighting are also big-time blue light broadcasters.
Blue light has a wavelength of about 400–500 nanometres, making it shorter and more energetic than, for example, red light with its longer waves. This high energy is great for keeping us alert, but it also means it can penetrate deeper into our skin.
This brings a whole different set of considerations for our skin health. In essence, blue light is a bit like the sun's high-energy, tech-savvy cousin. It plays a bigger role in our lives than we might realise. Keeping an eye on our exposure to it is important for our skin's well-being.
Let's break down what the medical experts say about blue light and its effects on our skin.
Unlike UV rays, blue light doesn't cause sunburn or skin cancer. Medical research from the National Library of Medicine suggests that prolonged exposure to high-energy blue light can contribute to cell and tissue death, skin barrier damage, and skin ageing, like fine lines and loss of skin elasticity.
On the one hand, your devices are highly unlikely to deliver the high-energy blue light needed to cause this kind of damage in the short or even medium term.
On the other hand, we don't yet know the true effects of long-term exposure to lower levels of blue light on a daily basis.
In short, while blue light isn't your skin's new nemesis, it's important to take some precautions — especially if you're a screen-time enthusiast.
So, what do you need to worry about, particularly when it comes to blue light and skin damage? Here's the information.
Prolonged blue light exposure from your favourite devices might fast-forward the skin's ageing process. Think of fine lines and a loss of skin elasticity.
Alongside some potential wrinkles, blue light can play a role in hyperpigmentation. This can lead to an uneven skin tone and dark spots, similar to how the sun can cause sunspots.
Did you know that blue light can mess with your sleep patterns, too? Thanks a lot, late-night scrolling! Poor sleep doesn't just leave you feeling groggy; it can also indirectly affect your skin health by reducing its ability to repair and renew itself overnight.
While these aren't all guaranteed and may take much more screen time than you'd think, understanding blue light's potential impacts helps you keep your skin healthy and strong.
Worried about blue light's effects on your skin? Here are some tips and tricks to keep you and your skin smiling bright.
Of course, it's important to keep in mind that we don't necessarily know the long-term effects of blue light exposure. Make the decision that's right for you and your peace of mind.
A few lifestyle tweaks can do wonders for your skin. Here's how to keep your skin glowing as bright as your devices.
Make a habit of taking regular breaks from your screens. It's not just good for your eyes; your skin will thank you too. Think of your breaks as a mini digital detox.
Optimise your indoor lighting. Cooler, softer light reduces the impact of blue light and is gentler on your skin.
Keep your skin happy by staying hydrated. Drink water and use hydrating lotions or creams on your face, body, hands, and neck.
A holistic approach to skin health goes a long way. Incorporate a balanced diet and a regular skincare routine that suits your skin type. Prevention is better than cure, so keep your skin nourished and protected.
Your skin needs love and attention, so give it some extra TLC in the digital age.
Being proactive about our skin health is more important than ever. Remember, our screens affect more than just our eyes — our skin feels it too!
Integrating these tips into your daily routine will keep your skin vibrant and healthy for the long haul. It's all about balance and taking those extra steps to protect and nourish your skin.
The doctors at SunDoctors are experts in checking your skin for signs of skin damage and cancer. With clinics across QLD, NSW, VIC, and SA, we're here to give you and your family peace of mind.
Get back to enjoying life sooner by booking a skin check today. Call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to schedule your appointment!
Your skin is an incredibly resilient and intricate organ that often serves as a visible indicator of your overall health. However, it can be challenging to decipher the subtle messages it sends when issues arise. Understanding the common signs of skin problems is crucial for maintaining optimal skin health and catching potential concerns early.
Australia has one of the highest incidences of skin cancer in the world, and it can manifest in many different areas of the body, form as a strange patch or a lump, and affect anywhere from the skin on the head around the hair and eyes down to the feet and toes.
In this comprehensive guide, we will explore surprising signs that your skin might be suffering and delve into expert advice on interpreting these signals. From flaking, redness, peeling and unusual sensitivity, the team at SunDoctors will guide you through cancer prevention and overall sun safety.
Dry skin is a problem that most people face at some point in their lives. Whether it is caused by the cold, dry air of winter, excessive hot showers, or products that strip away the skin's natural oils, skin dryness usually doesn't last too long and can often be fixed with a soothing moisturiser.
However, skin that consistently displays dryness, flakiness, and excessive oiliness can indicate underlying problems. Eczema, acne, dermatitis and exposure to allergens may be responsible for dry skin, though an experienced skin doctor can determine the precise cause.
While dry, itchy skin may sound like more of an irritating nuisance than an actual health problem, persistent scratching and irritation can lead to sores or scratches, leading to infections and more severe injury.
If you have persistent skin dryness, talk to a doctor experienced in treating skin disorders. They will be able to provide you with a tailored treatment plan, considering your skin type, medical history and existing skincare routine (if any). This may involve changing the environment (keeping out of the sun) or swapping to a mineral sunscreen for use on eczema-prone skin.
If you note a change in your skin texture that you can't explain, it's time to book a skin check immediately to get the underlying cause determined and treated. Skin that has become unexpectedly smooth or rough can signal various issues. This could be a sign of dehydration, a lack of certain nutrients, or other underlying health issues, such as actinic keratosis, which has a small chance of developing into basal cell carcinoma, a common form of skin cancer.
Our skin naturally changes throughout our lifetime, and many skin changes can be attributed to changes in collagen and elastin levels that naturally decline as we age. However, getting a professional opinion from a doctor experienced in diagnosing and treating skin conditions is essential if your skin displays sudden and unexplainable changes.
Our skin pigmentation changes throughout our life as exposure to the sun causes sunspots or tanning. While many of these are benign, we should still keep a consistent eye on pigmentation changes in our skin, taking note of what we already have and being aware of any changes, especially sudden changes.
Dark spots and hyperpigmentation, as well as sudden paleness, can all point to the existence of health issues. Dark spots that change shape and size may be symptomatic of developing skin cancers, such as melanoma, while blotchy skin may be a symptom of many skin conditions, including rosacea, psoriasis, eczema or hives. Persistent paleness, on the other hand, may be a symptom of anaemia or blood pressure issues.
If you notice changes in your pigmentation, see your trusted skin doctor as soon as possible. Examining your skin in person will allow the doctor to make an informed diagnosis and get you back to looking and feeling well again. Protecting your skin from UV (ultraviolet) radiation and sunburn is crucial to good skin health. Wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF30+ and cover up with a hat, sunglasses and long sleeves during the day.
Sensations such as numbness and tingling are hardly uncommon experiences, but they often have an easily identifiable source. The layers of our skin are threaded with nerves that allow us to feel pressure, heat and pain, so persistent and unexplained tingling or numbness may be a sign of nerve-related issues that require further examination.
Chronic paraesthesia, known more commonly as 'pins and needles', can be a symptom of nerve entrapment syndromes (such as carpal tunnel syndrome), or it can be a result of other more serious conditions affecting the nervous system.
In some cases, numbness, tingling or other skin pain can be a sign of skin cancer, particularly if the sensations occur in an existing skin lesion.
Book an appointment with your local SunDoctors clinic as your first step to determining the cause of your unexplained numbness or tingling.
Persistent itching and discomfort can be associated with many skin conditions. From environmental causes to stress and dietary causes to autoimmune conditions, the surest way to determine the cause of your excessive itching is by seeing an experienced doctor trained in diagnosing and treating skin disorders and diseases.
A trained skin doctor will be able to identify the potential triggers and causes of the itching. Allergies and irritants are common causes of itchy skin, and it may be something as simple as avoiding a particular plant in the garden or swapping your moisturiser for another without a specific aggravating ingredient in it. It is best to get excessive itching seen quickly, not least for your peace of mind, as itching can also be a sign of certain types of cancer, including skin cancer.
Excessive scratching can also damage the top layers of skin, causing bleeding and a risk of infection.
If you've brushed against an irritating plant outside or know you're susceptible to heat rash, blotchy skin might not be a terrible cause for concern. Still, if rashes appear out of the blue for no readily apparent reason, it's time to get your skin checked at your nearest SunDoctors clinic. Rashes can be itchy, raised, blistering or simply exhibit uneven discolouration, depending on the cause.
Different types of rashes may indicate various skin conditions or injuries, so come to your appointment prepared with an idea of where you've been (particularly outdoors), what skin products you use, any changes in the home (such as new laundry powder) or any existing allergies or infections you are already aware of can go a long way to helping your doctor make an informed and accurate diagnosis. They can then tailor a treatment for your specific circumstances to get your skin back to normal as soon as possible.
The sudden appearance of bumps, lumps, and swelling may result from an external or internal cause. Insects or spiders can bite without us being aware. Allergic reactions to mosquitoes and midges can produce large swellings, as can accidentally running into something and bruising yourself. However, skin growths, bumps, and swelling may signify underlying skin issues, and it pays to be sure by seeking professional medical advice.
Monitor the size, shape, and colour of any skin growths, especially if they begin to blister or peel. Bumps and bruises may be accidents or the first warning signs of something more serious. Any changes should be shown to a healthcare professional immediately, who will examine the nature of the growth and determine its cause.
Unexpected skin tone or complexion changes may reflect dietary, lifestyle, or health-related factors. Discolouration that we cannot explain is something to take seriously. A skin healthcare professional should check blemishes that do not fade or grow over time. Changes in complexion can be a sign of skin cancer, such as basal cell carcinoma, which presents as a small red or pink blotch. Changes to moles, freckles or skin patches, particularly if they become sore or itch for no immediately identifiable reason, should never be ignored.
Soothing, non-allergenic moisturisers and consistent sun protection are ways to maintain your skin's healthy, natural complexion. It is important to treat sun exposure seriously and reduce your chance of sunburns and changes in complexion by limiting your exposure to sunlight, especially on parts of the body that are frequently unprotected and exposed to the sun, such as your hands (including your palms) and arms, your legs and feet, and the skin on your face, including your ears!
Eczema and psoriasis are two skin conditions characterised by physical flare-ups of raised, scaly, red, and itchy skin blotches. These can be uncomfortable and unsightly, especially when patches form on the neck, face or scalp (though they can appear anywhere on the body).
Information that your doctor may use to determine the cause (and treatment) of either condition includes lifestyle factors, stress management, or environmental factors. These chronic conditions require consistent and diligent management, and the doctors at SunDoctors will be able to work with you to formulate a long-term treatment plan to keep your skin looking its best.
An effective way of self-examining your skin is to follow the ABCDE method when inspecting skin spots, moles and other marks:
Any changes in moles or the appearance of new growths should be shown to your local skin doctor immediately.
Regular skin checks are crucial for the early detection of potential skin issues, including skin cancer. Any changes in mole shape or colour, the texture of your skin texture, or the presence of any persistent symptoms should be quickly addressed. While the ABCDE method is a good place to start, the only way to be absolutely sure your skin is in good health is to consult a professional skin doctor.
While not every skin concern requires immediate attention, consulting a skin doctor is highly recommended. It is, as they say, far better to be safe than sorry. Skin doctors are trained to identify the subtle signs of skin issues, which may not be apparent to the untrained eye. Early detection and professional advice are essential for maintaining optimal skin health, so book in with your local SunDoctors today and take control of your skin health and well-being.
Your skin is a dynamic organ that communicates its well-being through various signs. Ignoring these signals could lead to underlying issues that may impact both your skin and overall health. By staying informed about common signs, conducting regular self-skin checks, and seeking professional advice when needed, you can take proactive steps towards maintaining healthy, radiant skin throughout your life. Remember, your skin is a reflection of your well-being, so listen to its messages and prioritise its care.
Empower your skin health journey with support from SunDoctors. Schedule a comprehensive skin check today and let our expert doctors guide you towards a lifetime of healthy and radiant skin. Don't just hear your skin's messages — understand them with SunDoctors' expertise.
The doctors at SunDoctors are the experts in checking your skin for signs of skin cancer. With skin cancer clinics across QLD, NSW, VIC & SA, make sure you book in to give yourself and your family peace of mind, letting you and your loved ones get back to work and play that much sooner!
Call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) or book your appointment online today!
Summer, winter, rain or shine, the UV rays from our Australian sun are powerful and require protection. Now that summer is firmly here, and scorching temperatures are predicted across much of the country, many Aussies will seek ways to protect themselves from the sun.
While skin cancer is most common in those with fair skin and complexions, it's a strong misconception that people with darker skin, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples, are not susceptible to sun damage. This could not be further from the truth. Yes, skin containing higher melanin levels is less likely to burn, but it may also mean it is harder to spot cancerous sun damage. Ultraviolet light penetrates all types of skin, and excessive damage mutates your DNA and can lead to skin cancer, regardless of the colour of your skin.
Indigenous peoples have lived in the land known as Australia for over 65,000 years, living off the flora and fauna to sustain themselves and treat diseases. Broad-spectrum sunscreen, as we know it, was only manufactured in the 1980s. Despite modern medicine and increasing technological advancements, here are tips we can take away from ancestral sunburn techniques.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples thoroughly understand how light behaves when in contact with various surfaces. This knowledge aided their construction of homes and structures that provided shade in hot environments. When light hits a light-coloured surface, it is mainly reflected rather than absorbed and converted into heat. According to their needs, this information indicates which natural materials were suitable for shelters.
For example, the Warlpiri peoples of the Tanami Desert, northwest of Alice Springs, would make structures out of spinifex or eucalyptus leaves to shade themselves during long, hot, and often cloudless summer days. These shelters, called malurnpa, contained a western wall to maximise shade, were open on all sides to allow airflow, and were covered with silvery eucalyptus leaves to reflect the majority of the intense rays.
The Warlpiri Peoples also took advantage of yama-puralji (shade trees). Anything that stops light hitting your skin will protect you from ultraviolet light. Seeking shelter during the hottest parts of the day (10 am to 4 pm) and locating wide-berth trees at the beach are easy and helpful ways to minimise direct sun exposure.
While clothing was mostly worn depending on the environment, cloaks made from animal skins were common. In the colder climates of Tasmania, Victoria, and southern New South Wales and South Australia, these cloaks were full-body, whereas waist coverings were worn more regularly in warmer areas. The fabrics of cloaks depend on the native animals available but have been known to be of possum skin, wallaby, kangaroo, quoll, sugar glider, and emu.
Sun-safe clothing remains one of the most effective ways to prevent overexposure to the sun. From sunglasses and wide-brimmed hats to UPF-rated fabrics, strong, effective coverage is one of the best ways to protect yourself from harmful UV rays.
Natural camouflage resources are remedies for maintaining skin health in harsh, sunny conditions. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples used mud or other materials that stop light from hitting one's skin, like leaves and wood ash.
Sunburn was often treated with tea tree oil by some tribes of First Nations Peoples. Affectionately known as Australia's "first aid kit", the antiseptic properties of tea tree oil also mean it is a natural remedy for skin issues like acne, lice, athlete’s foot, nail fungus, and mite infection at the base of the eyelid.
These ancestral remedies emphasise the importance of applying and reapplying broad-spectrum sunscreen. However, herbal healing alternatives like aloe vera and tea tree oils remain as treatments for soothing sunburn.
Traditionally, in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures, the movement of the planets, stars, sun and moon was evidence of the changing seasons, informing navigation and calendars and helping to predict the weather. Thus, the sun influenced traditional lifestyles, dictating when it was best to hunt, gather and fish different food sources, informing the behaviour of animals and plants throughout the year, when to enact ceremonial practices, and informing law and social structures. The study of these oral histories reveals explanations and predictions of natural disasters and climate change and the resilience of First Australians.
The ancestral Dreaming stories passed down for thousands of years by Elders to younger group members through oral tradition, song, dance, and art reinforced the importance of astronomical bodies. These narratives formed the foundation of community connection to land, kin and spirituality.
Clearly, the sun is powerful. The Wotjobaluk people of northern Victoria explained that the sun was a mother who ascended into the sky to search for her lost son with her blazing torch of flames. Such stories highlighted the sun's usefulness but reminded each generation of the sun's fiery nature.
Regardless of your cultural background, there is a range of learning to be gained from the longest-lasting cultures in the world that can complement contemporary skincare practices. It's part of our privilege as modern Australians to respect, celebrate and support the histories of First Nations populations.
And, when it comes to sun safety, with tens of thousands of years of an innate connection to the Country and the Australian sun, the resilience of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples makes them an incredible source of wisdom for how to manage during intense summers:
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are some of the most resilient people in the world, having survived and thrived in a hot, dry land for tens of thousands of years. Heed their knowledge: stay out of the sun at times of peak UV, lather up your skin with something to block UV radiation, treat your burns, and be mindful of the effects that intense sun exposure can have on the health of your skin.
If you are concerned for your skin's health, the doctors at SunDoctors are the experts in checking for signs of skin cancer. With skin cancer clinics across Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia, make sure you book in to give both yourself and your family peace of mind, letting you and your loved ones get back to work and play that much sooner!
Call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to book your appointment today!
As the largest organ, our skin is the most exposed organ to environmental factors. When skin cells are exposed to UV rays, the risk of skin cancers like melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma increases. Thus, our lifestyle decisions, from sleeping to what we eat and drink and our choice of recreational activities, can impact our risk of skin diseases like cancer.
In Australia, our skin cancer rates are among the highest in the world, so it's important to maintain a healthy lifestyle to reduce our chances of developing melanoma.
Your circadian rhythm is your body's internal clock, which roughly aligns with the 24-hour daily cycle of the Earth. Recent studies have discovered that disruptions to your circadian rhythm, particularly from night shift work, can negatively impact your health and could potentially lead to tumour development. The risk of developing melanoma increases during night shift work due to high exposure to artificial light, which inhibits the creation of melatonin, the hormone that aids sleep. Therefore, the effect of long-term shift work accumulates over time.
Moreover, constant interruptions in breathing while sleeping, called 'sleep apnoea', reduces your immune system's resilience, which can make you more susceptible to a range of diseases and illnesses, including cancer.
As a blanket rule, exercise is good for our bodies. However, taking appropriate measures against the sun's UV rays when exercising outside is necessary for skin cancer prevention.
Repeated sunburn is a strong risk factor for developing melanomas. If you're exercising, be sure to wear protective clothing, a hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen that is at least SPF30+ (though SPF50+ is better!). It is important to maintain these habits even on cloudy days, as ultraviolet light is invisible and cannot be felt.
Those with physical characteristics that are risk factors for developing melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, like a fair complexion, a large number of moles and freckles on the arms, face, neck and legs, red hair, and a family history of skin cancer, must stress sun protection.
Smoking cigarettes is commonly connected to lung cancer. However, tobacco is related to several skin diseases. While tobacco smoking has no significant influence on an increased melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma risk, studies show that not smoking results in a decreased thickness of a melanoma tumour.
Alcohol consumption is a commonly enjoyed lifestyle and recreational activity in Australia, but it is important to recognise its risk to our health.
There is much controversy in the scientific community about the impact of drinking alcohol and developing melanoma. Rather, there seems to be a higher chance of developing squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma. This is because UV radiation can cause mutations to your genes, and alcohol can interfere with our body's DNA repair, thereby causing cancer.
Limiting yourself to one drink a day for women and two drinks per day for men is a recommended compromise from recent studies.
It is important to eat healthily, and it's been known to scientists that the interactions between foods, rather than merely taking supplements, can cooperatively minimise the risk of skin diseases like cancer. Try to look for foods with antioxidants like vitamins A, C, D, and E, zinc, selenium, beta carotene (carotenoids), omega-3 fatty acids, lycopene and polyphenols, for greater protection against developing melanoma.
The same red pigment that protects the skin of a tomato from the sun may also protect yours. A British study found that after 10 weeks of eating lycopene-heavy foods, participants were 40 per cent less likely to be sunburned than the control group. So, don’t skimp on eating more red foods like tomatoes, watermelon, guava, papaya, apricots, pink grapefruit, and blood oranges.
Foods rich in omega-3, like salmon and albacore tuna, are known to also reduce skin cancer risk due to their anti-inflammatory properties. These fish are also rich in Vitamin D, which our skin produces in response to sun exposure. Statistics from a 2011 study by the Women’s Health Initiative in the United States have shown that Vitamin D intake can minimise the risk of developing melanoma in women with a history of non-melanoma skin cancers since it restores the Vitamin D destroyed by UV exposure.
Drinking lots of green tea has a similar effect, as it contains plant-based chemicals which have tumour-inhibiting qualities. Vitamin E similarly absorbs UV light, so eating almonds, spinach, and other nuts can help defend your skin from cancer.
Vitamin C is also toxic to cancer cells, so stock up on citrus and leafy green vegetables. Another good dietary habit is to keep up your zinc levels, as it assists in strengthening your immune system.
Fortunately for those of us who enjoy a cup of coffee or two throughout the day, caffeine intake was found in some studies to decrease the risk of basal cell carcinoma. While effectiveness depends on the dose, caffeine induces a sort of 'cell death' for cancer cells. These polyphenols absorb ultraviolet damage and repair DNA. Researchers have discovered that consuming one to three cups of coffee daily decreases the risk of developing melanoma by 10%, with a 20% reduced risk found in people drinking four cups or more.
However, coffee needs to be present at the time of ultraviolet light exposure in order to be effective. Coffee at the beach, anyone?
It will not come as a surprise that those with a weakened immune system will be more at risk of developing skin cancers like melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. This is due to the fact that cancer cells are able to grow faster and thus become more aggressive when the body's natural defence is lowered.
For example, post-organ transplant medications purposely weaken the immune system to encourage the body to accept the new organ. People with HIV or who are on corticosteroid drug treatment will also result in fewer white blood cells, increasing the risk of developing skin cancer.
Adapting a combination of the aforementioned lifestyle information provided will hopefully enable you to carry on with your daily life while being sun-smart.
Ultimately, getting your skin checked is the best way to stay on top of your melanoma prevention and skin cancer treatment. Contact our friendly team at SunDoctors for any questions and advice.
Welcome to our practical guide on melanoma hotspots across Australia. In this guide, we'll focus on the key regions — Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia — known for their high rates of skin cancer.
We'll look at each area's specific challenges, from climate factors to lifestyle choices contributing to your melanoma risk.
This guide is designed to help all Australians in these regions understand their risk of melanoma. You'll learn about the importance of skin checks and what you can do to protect yourself.
We'll cover local trends in melanoma cases and share advice from health authorities for prevention and early detection. Whether you're in a beach town or a bustling city, understanding your risk of melanoma is crucial.
Let's explore how to stay safe and healthy in even the sunniest parts of Australia!
Queensland is renowned for its vibrant coastal communities and sun-drenched landscapes. Unfortunately, residents also face unique skin health challenges, particularly melanoma.
With some of the highest melanoma incidence rates in Australia, the coastal regions of Queensland are notable hotspots. This is largely due to intense UV radiation exposure and the common outdoor-oriented lifestyle.
Brisbane, Queensland's bustling capital, amplifies temperatures with its urban island environment. The city is a breeding ground for potential melanoma hotspots.
Key areas of concern include the Central Business District (CBD) and popular urban parks, where intense sun exposure is a near year-round occurrence. Residents and visitors navigating these urban areas need to be especially careful with their sun protection measures.
The Gold Coast is celebrated for its stunning beaches and vibrant tourist scene, but not as many people recognise the city for its high UV exposure.
Places like Surfers Paradise and Burleigh Heads see thousands upon thousands of sun-lovers, surfers, and tourists, correlating with increased melanoma rates. That's not even mentioning the families going to the theme parks! Both locals and visitors in this bustling coastal area need to practise diligent sun safety.
Further north, the tropical climate of Cairns and other North Queensland areas significantly heightens the risk of melanoma.
The intense Queensland sun and the popular active, outdoorsy lifestyle contribute to the high rate of skin cancers. Awareness and understanding of these heightened risks are critical for the local community and visitors enjoying the northern tropics.
For Queensland residents and tourists, staying informed of these melanoma hotspots and adopting comprehensive sun protection strategies is vital. Don't forget to book those skin checks and stock up on sunscreen!
New South Wales, with its extensive coastline and massive population, is faced with some significant melanoma challenges. A recent report from the Cancer Institute NSW reveals that in 2020, there were 61.8 new cases per 100,000 men. There were 40.9 new cases per 100,000 women.
The top five NSW melanoma hotspots by local government area are Ballina, Lismore, Richmond Valley, Clarence Valley, and Byron. Understanding the nuances of specific locations in the state is crucial to address and manage these risks effectively.
Sydney is famed around the world for its picturesque beaches, bustling city, and gorgeous landscape.
Unfortunately, all of these locales are prone to high levels of sun exposure. Suburbs close to the beaches and other outdoor recreational spots report elevated melanoma incidence rates. This underscores the critical need for strong sun-safe practices among both locals and tourists in Australia's most famous city.
In Newcastle, the allure of beachside living away from the hectic city life can be overshadowed by the increased risk of melanoma.
The popular surfing spots and sandy beaches contribute to higher exposure to UV radiation. Proactive caution in high-risk areas and persistent use of sun safety practices are vital to minimising health hazards while enjoying the coastal lifestyle.
In Wollongong, nestled along the picturesque NSW coastline, residents face a notable risk of melanoma.
The area's relaxed beach lifestyle, coupled with significant UV exposure, contributes to higher melanoma rates. Locals must embrace sun safety practices, including regular skin checks, to mitigate these risks. It makes enjoying the scenic charm of Wollongong all the better.
In each of these regions, sun safety measures are paramount for reducing the incidence rate of melanoma in New South Wales. Regular skin checks, using sunscreen, and wearing a hat and protective clothing all help you stay safe.
Victoria's climate plays a significant role in the risk of melanoma, with specific areas emerging as notable hotspots. According to Cancer Council Victoria, 2,829 Victorians were diagnosed with melanoma in 2021.
Melanoma accounted for 7.7% of all cancers diagnosed in Victoria — in fact, it was the 5th most commonly diagnosed cancer in the state and the 14th highest cause of cancer-related death. Whether you're in the trendy city of Melbourne, the regional surrounds of Geelong, or the beautiful remote farmlands, stay vigilant with your skin safety.
Contrary to its cooler climate, Melbourne is not immune to melanoma. Specific suburbs, such as the Bayside area and Port Phillip, experience higher rates than others.
These hotspots often correlate with areas of higher population density and fewer green spaces. This raises the risks even in cooler regions of the city. Understanding these risks is crucial, particularly for those in the city who tend to underestimate their home's UV exposure.
Geelong, sprawling across the bayside, has its own set of melanoma and skin cancer challenges. The city's general coastal lifestyle can often lead to increased sun exposure, making certain areas particularly vulnerable.
It's vital for residents and visitors alike to recognise these risks, pairing sun-safe practices into their daily routines. Identifying melanoma hotspots within Geelong and being aware of how certain lifestyle factors, like time spent outdoors, contribute to these risks is essential. It's how we foster a community that's sun-aware and sun-safe.
The key to combating melanoma in Victoria lies in balancing the enjoyment of the state's diverse and beautiful landscapes with practical and effective sun protection measures. Regular skin checks, appropriate sun protection, and heightened awareness are all important to reduce the melanoma incidence rate in the state.
South Australia is known for its beautiful coastline and serene lifestyle. Unfortunately, the state still faces significant rates of melanoma, particularly in its coastal regions.
According to research from the Government of South Australia, melanoma is the 4th most diagnosed type of cancer in South Australia, accounting for 8.5% of all diagnoses. This underscores the importance of sun protection for all South Australians, no matter where they live in the state.
Image credit: www.adelaidefestivalcentre.com.au
Adelaide is often celebrated for its diverse and fun festivals that attract visitors from all over the country, but it's not without its melanoma hotspots or risk factors.
Areas like Victor Harbour or Glenelg have been identified as regions with a heightened risk of melanoma. This is largely attributed to the combination of Adelaide's large population and its residents' active participation in outdoor activities. In these bustling areas, consistent sun safety measures are vital to combat the risk of melanoma.
Image credit: www.mynrma.com.au
The scenic vineyards of Barossa Valley, in all their outdoor awe, are not exempt from the risks of melanoma. The unique lifestyle of the region, which blends outdoor work and recreation among the vineyards, requires a keen understanding of sun safety.
For both residents of and visitors to the Barossa Valley and similar regions in wine country, it's crucial to integrate effective skin protection strategies into your daily routine. Be sure to balance the enjoyment of the area's natural beauty with health-conscious and sun-safe practices.
Awareness of melanoma hotspots in South Australia and a commitment to regular skin checks and sun protection will keep you and your skin safe. Understanding how lifestyle factors, such as outdoor leisure or work activities, contribute to increased risks will help you and others in your community stay safer under the sun.
Being aware of the factors that contribute to melanoma hotspots across Australia is key to developing targeted and effective prevention strategies. These factors can range from geographical influences to lifestyle choices and common workplace activities.
One of the primary contributors to melanoma risk is geographical location, particularly the location's proximity to the equator. Regions that lie closer to the equator are subject to higher levels of UV radiation, which significantly amplifies the risk of developing melanoma.
This is particularly true for Australia's coastal areas, including those in the northern tropics, where sun exposure is more intense and tends to be prolonged. All of these factors come together to elevate the risk of melanoma and other types of skin cancer.
In addition to geographical location, lifestyle choices, workplace practices, and cultural behaviours play a substantial role in melanoma incidence. Areas with higher population densities often see increased rates of melanoma, especially if these populations heavily engage in outdoor activities.
This trend is particularly noticeable in beachside towns and regions known for their outdoor sports culture. In these areas, residents and visitors are more likely to spend extended periods in the sun. This increases their exposure to harmful UV rays and, consequently, their risk of melanoma.
The incidence rates of melanoma across Australian states — Queensland (QLD), Victoria (VIC), New South Wales (NSW), and South Australia (SA) in particular — showcase some significant variations. These are influenced by factors like climate, population density, and lifestyle habits. Let's take a closer look:
In Queensland, the tropical climate and a preference for coastal living have led to heightened melanoma risks. The state's typical sunny weather and beautiful beaches draw both residents and tourists to the outdoors. This increases their sun exposure and, consequently, the potential for melanoma to develop.
Victoria, characterised by its milder climate, reports lower melanoma rates compared to Queensland. These regional climatic differences play a crucial role in shaping public health strategies and melanoma prevention efforts within the state.
New South Wales presents a more complex scenario with its diverse climates and high population density. The state experiences varied melanoma rates across its coastal and inland regions. This highlights the need for widespread public awareness and a strong emphasis on early detection and regular skin checks.
South Australia, with its Mediterranean climate, exhibits melanoma rates that fall in between those of Queensland and Victoria. Coastal areas, particularly Adelaide, have been identified as significant hotspots, reflecting the state's moderate sun exposure levels and the population density along the coast.
Melanoma susceptibility varies across different age groups in Australian states.
Research highlights that individuals between 45 and 65 years of age are particularly vulnerable to developing melanoma. This increased susceptibility is often attributed to cumulative sun exposure over the years and a natural decrease in the skin's defence mechanisms.
Regular skin checks are vital for this age group, especially those in sun-prone areas like Queensland's coastal regions or the urban settings of NSW and Victoria. Booking a skin check at your local SunDoctors clinic is a crucial step in the early detection and effective treatment of melanoma.
While those aged 45 to 65 are at a higher risk, it's important to remember that melanoma doesn't discriminate by age. It can affect individuals of all ages, making it essential for everyone to adopt thorough sun protection measures.
This includes using sunscreen with a high SPF, wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade during peak sun hours. Regular skin checks are recommended for all age groups, as early detection significantly increases the chances of successful treatment.
In Australia, understanding and addressing the common risk factors for melanoma is key to its prevention and early detection.
One of the most significant risk factors is excessive UV radiation exposure. The heightened UV levels in Australia, especially in states like Queensland and New South Wales, exacerbate this risk.
Be sure to avoid spending prolonged periods in the sun. Using sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing and accessories will also protect your skin.
People with fair skin, a history of severe sunburns, or a family history of melanoma face higher risks. Those with fair skin must be more vigilant and undergo regular skin checks.
Early detection strategies are especially important in coastal and sun-drenched regions where sunburn is more common.
Having several moles or a weakened immune system are also notable risk factors for developing melanoma. Regular skin examinations are also essential for those with a number of moles on their body. If you have a mole or similar spot on your body that changes over time, a skin check is even more important.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle to support the immune system can play a part in reducing the risk of melanoma. Every personal decision about your health counts towards a safer, longer, and happier lifestyle.
Authorities across Queensland, Victoria, New South Wales, and South Australia have been proactive in implementing strategies to combat melanoma. It's important for people across Australia to recognise melanoma as a significant public health issue.
Public campaigns are crucial for raising awareness about the risks associated with melanoma, the importance of prevention measures like using sunscreen and wearing protective clothing, and the critical role of regular skin checks in early detection.
These campaigns often target high-risk areas and demographics, tailoring messages to reach and educate the community effectively.
Local authorities have established specialised clinics dedicated to melanoma screening and treatment to support early detection. These clinics are strategically located to provide accessible services, particularly in identified melanoma hotspots.
Collaborations with healthcare professionals and community organisations have been strengthened to enhance the availability and use of sunscreen and sun-protective clothing.
These efforts are part of a broader initiative to encourage daily sun protection measures, especially in regions with high UV exposure, like Australia's coastal and northern areas.
Taking personal steps to prevent melanoma is especially important in areas identified as hotspots. You can adopt a number of measures to safeguard yourself against melanoma and other forms of skin cancer.
One of the most effective ways to reduce melanoma risk is by limiting direct sun exposure, particularly during peak UV radiation hours. Seeking shade and planning outdoor activities outside these peak times can significantly minimise the likelihood of harmful sun exposure.
In addition to seeking shade, wearing protective clothing is a vital line of defence. This includes donning wide-brimmed hats, long-sleeved shirts, and pants made from UV-protective fabrics. Sunglasses blocking UVA and UVB rays are also essential for protecting the eyes and sensitive skin.
Consistent application of broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF is crucial. It's important to apply sunscreen generously and regularly, particularly on exposed skin areas. And yes, this applies on cloudy days and, at times, indoors and even during the winter months.
Regular skin checks play a pivotal role in early melanoma detection. This includes self-examinations for new or changing moles and spots and professional skin assessments by healthcare providers. Early detection of changes to the skin leads to better outcomes and can be life-saving.
An effective way of self-examining your skin is to follow the ABCDE method when inspecting skin spots, moles and other marks:
As we wrap up this exploration of melanoma hotspots across the country, it's clear how important it is to have sun-safe strategies. Recognising varied sun exposure risks, from urban centres like Brisbane and Sydney to beachfront areas like the Gold Coast and Newcastle, allows individuals to make well-informed decisions for their health.
Local authorities have implemented strategic measures, but the combined effort of communities and personal action truly makes a difference in melanoma prevention. Embracing sun-safe habits and understanding the significance of regular skin checks are key components in this fight against skin cancer.
At SunDoctors, we are committed to providing thorough skin examinations, aiding in early detection and offering peace of mind. Expert care is within reach with our clinics across Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. Booking an appointment with us is a proactive step towards safeguarding your skin health.
Get in touch with us to schedule your skin check today. Protecting yourself and your loved ones lets you enjoy life with greater confidence and security. Together, we can champion a future of sun-safe living and proactive skin health!
It makes us fall asleep, hungry at breakfast time and alert during the day, but research also suggests circadian rhythm balance is crucial for other reasons — our 'body clock' could be the key to living a life free of diseases such as skin cancer.
Circadian disruption has been linked to an increased risk of certain types of cancer, including skin cancers such as melanoma. So, let's look at how to keep our circadian clock ticking along for good health.
Circadian rhythm is essentially the body's internal clock. A time-keeping system that has evolved over billions of years, it is the body's natural process of regulating physiological, behavioural and metabolic processes. These processes include things such as the sleep–wake, feeding–fasting and activity–rest cycles, body temperature regulation and hormone secretion. All living things, including humans, are influenced by environmental cues, primarily the light–dark cycle, over a 24-hour period.
The circadian rhythm is primarily controlled by a part of the brain called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is located in the hypothalamus. Considered the body's central clock, it receives information from light-sensitive cells in the eyes. However, other subordinate clocks that exist in tissues elsewhere in the body, such as the liver, skin and heart, synchronise with the 'master clock'. The SCN then orchestrates various physiological and behavioural processes, such as hormone secretion.
A disrupted circadian rhythm has been found to enhance a person's risk of cancer. This is because the circadian clock is critical to the functioning of the typical features of cancer, such as metabolic alteration, DNA repair, cell death and cell proliferation.
However, scientists do not yet fully understand how the disruption promotes cancer development, so gaining a deeper understanding could help to prevent, treat and manage the disease in the future.
Sleep disturbances can lead to irregularities in circadian rhythms and affect various physiological processes. While the occasional disrupted sleep is unlikely to have an impact on a person's risk of developing cancer, it is possible for long-term dysregulation to affect a person's overall well-being. Some of the ways in which disrupted sleep is linked to an elevated cancer risk include:
The production of the hormone which regulates the sleep–wake cycle, melatonin, is influenced by the circadian rhythm. When the circadian rhythm is disrupted, melatonin production is suppressed, leading to an increased cancer risk. Activities that can disrupt melatonin production, leading to lower levels, include working at night, jet lag, exposure to artificial light at night, or using screens before bed.
In the future, melatonin could also be a helpful cancer treatment, such is its importance to our bodies. Studies on the effect of melatonin on tumour growth show that it reduces growth and cell proliferation. It has also been shown to prevent tumour development.
Several studies have concluded that night shift workers have a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer. This is because long-term circadian rhythm disruptions can lead to imbalances in hormones such as melatonin. As discussed above, a lack of melatonin has been linked to an increased cancer risk.
Circadian clock dysfunction may also affect the body's ability to repair DNA, lead to insufficient sleep, which can weaken the immune system, and disrupt the normal variations of hormones, such as cortisol and growth hormone.
Skin cancer, predominately caused by exposure to UV light, is one of the most common forms of cancer. Just as the suprachiasmatic nucleus communicates with internal organs, the skin is also under circadian control.
Shift work, specifically at night when the circadian rhythm is disrupted, has been associated with an increased risk of some skin cancers but not others. One study found that circadian rhythm disruptions increased the risk of melanoma but decreased the risk of basal cell carcinoma and had no impact on the likelihood of developing squamous cell carcinoma.
Our modern society can make it difficult to maintain healthy circadian clock function, but it's important as a part of a healthy lifestyle to optimise circadian rhythms to reduce your risk of developing cancer.
Whether you're a shift worker or have difficulty sleeping, it's critical to have strategies to help you maintain a regular sleep schedule. Follow these approaches to strengthen your circadian function.
While the connection between circadian rhythm and skin cancer has been clearly established, more research is required to understand how our internal body clock impacts cancer progression and how it could be used in treatments and therapies in the future.
Establishing lifestyle practices that support healthy body clock function and reducing other cancer risk factors, such as smoking and unprotected sun exposure, can help mitigate the risk of developing skin cancer.
Keep on top of your health by undergoing regular checks with a doctor at your local SunDoctor skin cancer clinic for a skin check at least once a year.
Heading into the Australian summer, we all know how important sunscreen is to protect ourselves from sun exposure. You may have a family-sized bottle near the front door or a small tube in your bag for quick reapplication, ready to face the UV and heat.
However, it can be easy to neglect your sun protection if you're not planning on leaving the house. Whether you're working from home, at the office, or simply spending your weekends indoors, sunscreen is vital.
It sounds counterintuitive, but daily sunscreen application indoors has benefits for short- and long-term skin health. It can help protect you from skin cancer, slow ageing, and boost your skincare routine.
The fundamental reason to wear sunscreen indoors is that ordinary glass is partially transparent to ultraviolet radiation. This allows ultraviolet rays to filter through into the home. Even if you are watching TV on the couch by a window during the day, you can still be exposed to UV rays that increase the likelihood of developing skin cancers. Regardless, daily sunscreen application is one way to boost your skincare and sun safety to ensure ultimate protection.
The sun produces two types of ultraviolet light that can damage the skin: UVA and UVB rays.
Ultraviolet A rays (UVA rays) can penetrate deeply to cause damage, even through window glass and on cloudy days. While you may not experience sunburn (caused by UVB rays), the skin damage to skin cells from UVA develops below the outermost layer of the skin, called the epidermis, only to be discovered much later when spots arise.
Consistent exposure to UVA rays can result in premature skin ageing, such as skin elasticity loss and wrinkles. That is because UVA radiation attacks the dermis, the dense layer of skin below the epidermis, made of fibrous (collagen) and elastic (elastin) tissue. This layer houses blood vessels, glands and hair follicles, as well as nerves and their receptors, while also providing your skin with strength and integrity. Premature ageing is, hence, a symptom of a problem of greater importance: significant damage to the dermis, which can contribute to skin cancer.
Therefore, broad-spectrum sunblock is the safest rule of thumb to protect yourself since it is impossible to determine the amount of UVA exposure you have had without showing any signs of tanning or burning.
This may be the most obvious reason to slap on some sunscreen; however, many are under the false assumption that the sun can't harm them while indoors. However, UVB rays can damage your skin whether you're enjoying lunch in a sunlit dining room, driving the kids around in the car or relaxing by your windows.
UVB rays are responsible for causing redness and inflammation, leading to sunburn. Once this sunburn peels, the remaining cells are susceptible to further damage over time, increasing your risk of developing skin cancer.
Blue light naturally occurs in the visible light spectrum and is prevalent in sunlight. However, there have been many articles on artificial blue light, produced from digital screens on devices like smartphones, tablets, computers and televisions, and its negative impacts on our eyes and sleep patterns.
But did you know it also affects our skin?
Blue light does not cause sunburn, but the free radicals formed by blue light can cause premature ageing, age spots from increased melanin and sagging skin from a decrease in collagen. Prolonged blue light exposure, that is, more than an hour, can cause cell shrinkage and even cell death.
However, mineral broad-spectrum sunscreens, such as those with iron oxide, zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, can provide a barrier between your skin and environmental pollutants, such as blue light, perfumes, aerosols, carbon monoxide and microplastics. Mineral sunscreens help reduce eczema flare-ups. Increasing your antioxidant intake (like vitamin C) will also help mitigate the impacts of blue light on your largest organ.
Even if you're not a skincare guru and don't know what "retinol" and "hyaluronic acid" are, neglecting sunscreen will make your routine less effective. Most skincare products will not live to their potential without using at least SPF 30+ to prevent anti-ageing. However, retinol, certain exfoliants and salicylic acids, in particular, can increase your sensitivity to sunburns. Retinol thins the outer layer of the skin, causing your face to be more vulnerable to UV radiation and heightening the risk of developing skin cancer.
To cover your bases (literally), a good slathering of sunscreen on your face after applying cleansers, toners, serums, and essential oils will ensure your appearance is as beautiful as it is healthy.
Sunscreen has come a long way in the past decade, as scientists and skin care companies have realised that people don't want to sacrifice their skin health or careful makeup appearance by smattering a thick white sheen over their face and waiting for acne to develop.
Many sunscreen options are now combined with daily moisturising options or as additions to makeup application, making year-round sunscreen application an easy task. Sunscreens are now packed with high-quality, skin-pampering ingredients. Fast absorbing, light, and effective, you won't even notice many of these products once they've been rubbed in.
Think of your sunscreen application not as a chore but as an essential part of your skincare routine. Whatever shape your sunscreen comes in — organic, powdered, spray-on or a family-sized pump — the best sunscreen is the one you will remember to use. Just ensure your SPF is at least 30+ and that you apply (and re-apply) regularly.
Sunscreen should be reapplied every 4–6 hours indoors. It may seem like a lot at first, but remember, sun damage is cumulative and exposed skin is at risk of UV rays inside and out. Ultraviolet radiation damages DNA and enough recurrent damage inhibits your skin cells' capacity to repair DNA, increasing their chances of becoming malignant.
Of course, your skin type impacts your vulnerability to skin cancer — people with fairer skin are more at risk than those with darker pigmentation. However, UV radiation does not discriminate. So, whether you're at the beach or in the study, lather up and protect your body from any nasty surprises.
When it comes to detecting skin cancer and melanomas, it is best to observe the ABCDE rule when checking for skin spots, moles and other marks:
If you want to take your skincare to the next level, there is nothing better than a professional skin check to provide a unique clarity to your skin health. Skin cancer is, ultimately, Australia's cancer, and regular, comprehensive skin checks are your best bet to ensure certainty about your skin's health.
The friendly doctors at SunDoctors are the experts at checking your skin for signs of skin cancer. With skin cancer clinics across QLD, NSW, VIC and SA, be sure to book an appointment to give both yourself and your family peace of mind, letting you and your loved ones get back to work and play that much sooner!
Call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to book your skin check appointment today!
Living in Australia, we are all too familiar with how important sunscreen is for our skin's health. Our nation has some of the highest rates of skin cancer in the world. Fortunately, modern sunscreen formulas cater to all skin types and skin tones and offer broad sun protection to shield against skin cancers, but it's good to know what properties and chemicals will irritate infants and people with acne and sensitive skin.
For babies and those with sensitive skin, natural sunscreens may be the way to go. Whether you're raising a young family or simply wish to incorporate healthy skincare habits into your daily routine, wearing the right sunscreen will ensure your skin is protected from UV damage and looks good at the same time.
Put simply, sunscreen is a chemical filter that absorbs or reflects UV rays before they penetrate your skin. Crucially, however, it is not a fail-safe; sunscreen does not completely block UV radiation. Rather, it substantially reduces the amount of ultraviolet light that reaches our skin.
Ultraviolet light, that is, parts of the solar radiation spectrum that cannot be seen as visible light, can interact with DNA. Repeated damage to DNA from UV rays can damage skin cells, causing sunburn and potentially leading to cell DNA mutations, which develop into skin cancer.
There are three types of ultraviolet light. UVC is the most harmful, with the most amount of energy, but luckily for us, it is predominately filtered by the Earth's atmosphere and barely reaches the surface. UVC rays become a greater issue if you spend a lot of time in the air. For this reason, airline crew and pilots are in the risk zone of skin cancer.
UVA is long-wave radiation that penetrates deep into the skin and causes wrinkles and other visible signs of aging. Scientists call this 'photo-damage'. However, UVA also causes damage at the cellular level, contributing to skin cancer development.
UVB radiation is short-wave, containing more energy than UVA and thus is referred to as the primary source of hazardous sunburn, responsible for most non-melanoma skin cancers: basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Both UVA and UVB suppress the skin's immune system.
Sunscreens that protect against both UVB and UVA are considered broad-spectrum. Also important to note is that SPF stands for Sun Protection Factor, and the higher the rating, the stronger and longer the sun protection. As a general rule of thumb, you should apply sunscreen with a minimum SPF rating of 30+ and reapply every 2 hours.
Symptoms of sensitive skin are a wide spectrum. Some people notice redness, dryness, peeling or hive-like little bumps on their skin. Others see nothing but feel irritation, such as stinging, itching or burning, when applying certain products to their skin.
For sunscreen, you want to find a broad-spectrum product to ensure holistic coverage. If you plan on swimming at the beach or diving into the pool at your next backyard summer barbeque, a cream with 3-hour water resistance is also ideal. Water-resistant sunscreens will also help keep your sunscreen coverage intact as you sweat.
However, for people with sensitive skin, mineral sunscreens may mitigate any irritation, rather than chemical sunscreens. Mineral sunscreen, also known as physical sunscreen and zinc, contains naturally occurring active ingredients like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. While mineral sunscreens leave a white cast, they are safest for reactive skin types and the environment, and that opaque, chalky whiteness also serves as a good measure of when to reapply. Mineral sunscreens create a physical separation between your skin and the sun, which is also optimal for babies and children. Research shows that extensive sun damage in the first ten years of life increases your chances of developing skin cancer in adulthood.
A sunscreen made from a hypoallergenic formula is ideal for babies and for face, body, and sensitive skin coverage. These sunscreens are designed to be soft on the skin and less likely to cause allergic reactions while protecting against UVA and UVB rays.
To reduce peeling and dark marks, invest in a broad-spectrum sunscreen that contains Vitamin E and coconut extract. Vitamin E is full of protective antioxidants for your skin that also help to heal scarring. Similarly, coconut oil moisturises and softens your skin and nail beds, strengthening your skin from future peeling.
Moreover, many brands on the market specialise in specialty sunscreens, so if you are eczema-, psoriasis-, or rosacea-prone, you can rest assured that there are products that will keep you sun smart and looking good.
People with severe skin damage may need to avoid the sun altogether and take Vitamin D supplements. But overall, it's never too late to start wearing sunscreen, even for elderly people.
Even with the diligent application of high-factor sunscreen and the consistent use of protective UV-rated clothing (dark and tightly-woven garments offer the most protection) and other sun-safe behaviours, it is still important to regularly check your skin for any changes that may herald the development of skin cancer.
When it comes to detecting skin cancer and melanomas, it is best to observe the ABCDE rule when checking for skin spots, moles and other marks:
If you have any questions about choosing the safest sunscreen for babies and sensitive skin, it’s best to ask your skin doctor.
The doctors at SunDoctors are the experts in checking your skin for signs of skin cancer. With skin cancer clinics across QLD, NSW, VIC & SA, make sure you book in to give both yourself and your family peace of mind, letting you and your loved ones get back to work and play that much sooner!
Call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to book your appointment today!
Birthmarks are as unique as the people that have them. They can be any size and appear anywhere on the body, from the face to the feet. They might be bright red in appearance or hardly visible.
While most birthmarks are harmless, along with other types of skin lesions such as freckles and moles, they could carry a risk of developing into skin cancer.
As with all types of skin cancer, early detection is key when it comes to successful treatment. So, let us look at when to have birthmarks checked by a skin doctor and what to look out for in the meantime.
It's not known exactly what causes a birthmark. Some can have a genetic factor, but this isn't always the case. They can appear anywhere on the body, in any shape, are often brown, black, blue, pink, white, purple or red, and can be raised above the surface of the skin or flat. They can last a lifetime, but sometimes they can fade with age.
These congenital marks are normally non-cancerous. However, some types of birthmarks, such as a giant congenital melanocytic nevus, carry a greater risk of turning into melanoma — particularly in childhood — so doctors recommend having birthmarks checked for skin cancer regularly.
There are two categories of birthmarks: pigmented and red birthmarks.
Pigmented birthmarks are present at birth and range from brown to blue. They are caused by an overgrowth of the cells that create colour, or pigment, in the skin.
Red, or vascular birthmarks, can develop shortly after birth. They occur when blood vessels are wider than usual or when there are too many.
There are three main types of skin cancer: squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Your risk of developing skin cancer depends on many factors, including your lifestyle and medical conditions. However, no matter the type of skin cancer, early prevention is a key factor in successful treatment. Therefore, it's important to keep an eye on any skin lesions, including birthmarks, to watch for signs of change that could indicate skin cancer.
The best way to do this is to know the ABCDEs of melanoma so you can perform a regular self-examination. You should also become familiar with the signs of skin cancer so that if you notice changes in a birthmark or if you have a new growth, you can have it examined.
You should also undergo regular skin checks with a doctor, particularly if you have other risk factors, which we will discuss below.
Some risk factors that may make people more prone to skin cancer include:
Specific types of birthmarks and moles have a greater association with the development of skin cancer. Most of these have unique features which can make spotting changes in them difficult. They include:
As well as undergoing a birthmark and mole check with your doctor each year, there are preventative measures you can take each day to avoid skin cancer.
Any skin lesion, including a birthmark, can change over time. Most people realise the importance of checking moles for signs of skin cancer, but keeping an eye on our birthmarks is just as important. This is because changes to the look, feel, or texture of our spots can indicate the development of skin cancer.
Skin cancer is harder to detect in some types of birthmarks than others due to their appearance, so you must follow up on any concerns with a doctor as soon as possible. The early detection of skin cancer saves lives.
SunDoctors specialises in skin cancer detection and treatment, so book a skin check appointment online or call 13 SKIN (13 75 46).
When you visit SunDoctors for your annual skin check, the doctors will more than likely ask you if you have a family history of skin cancer. This is because melanoma can run in the family, with roughly 10% of melanoma patients reporting a family history of the disease.
Let’s take a closer look at the role of genetics in skin cancer development and discuss what steps to take if you or someone in your immediate family is diagnosed with skin cancer.
Most skin cancer develops from exposure to UV radiation. This is the case in about 95% of all instances.
As our skin cells are exposed to ultraviolet light, the radiation damages their DNA, causing abnormal growths like tumours. Physical characteristics like your skin and hair colour (blonde or red hair), how many freckles or moles you have, your age and your history of sunburn impact your risk of developing skin cancer in life. Generally speaking, the older you are and the fairer you are, the more vigilant towards sun protection you should be.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer in Australia. Despite rarely spreading to other organs in the body, it can destroy the surrounding tissue. Basal cell carcinoma appears as an open sore, a reddish patch, a growth with an elevated border and a central indentation, a bump or nodule or a scar-like area.
The other non-melanoma skin cancer is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). It occurs in areas most exposed to the sun and develops when ultraviolet radiation mutates the outer epidermal layer of the skin and mucous membranes. Signs of squamous cell carcinoma include scaly red patches, elevated growths with a central depression, wart-like growths, nodules and open sores that may become scaly or bleed.
The most dangerous but least common skin cancer for Australians is melanoma. This type of skin cancer is highly invasive and can spread to other parts of your body if not detected early. Melanoma develops when melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) begin to grow abnormally, forming tumours and, thus, mirroring the appearance of a mole.
It's estimated that an Australian dies of melanoma every 6 hours.
People with a family history of melanoma or particular gene mutations have a higher melanoma susceptibility than the general population. This includes first-degree relatives: parents, brothers, sisters or children.
Doctors often recommend that close family members are also screened for melanoma when someone is diagnosed with it. This way, families suspected of carrying defective genes can be identified to aid prevention and treatment.
People with a combination of many unusual moles and a family history of melanoma are at an even higher risk of developing skin cancer. This is often called Familial Atypical Multiple Mole Melanoma Syndrome (FAMMM). Families with this genetic variant have moles that are called dysplastic nevi; that is, large, flat, irregular, asymmetric, and variably pigmented moles.
Several genetic markers and hereditary syndromes are known to increase skin cancer risk:
An autosomal recessive disease called xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is associated with an increased risk for all common skin cancer types, as it is a mutation in a gene required to repair ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage. Likewise, MC1R (melanocortin 1 receptor) is another tumour suppressor gene that increases melanoma risk. MC1R is important for regulating pigment in the body and is associated with freckling and red hair.
These mutations prevent the cell growth control that genes usually regulate. This causes cells that are damaged from UV exposure to only have a limited ability to repair themselves before developing into cancer.
Moreover, recent articles reveal that a hereditary breast cancer gene called BRCA2 may have associations with a slightly increased risk of melanoma.
Genetic testing is commercially available but is unlikely to alter recommendations received as part of skin cancer screenings. Since sporadic melanoma is much more common in Australia, testing won't be recommended unless three or more close relatives have developed invasive melanoma.
An option for families who know a parent carries a specific gene mutation that increases the risk of hereditary cancer syndrome is preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). This medical procedure takes place in conjunction with in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) and, thus, is a complex procedure with financial, physical, and emotional factors to consider. However, PGD has been used for over two decades to mitigate the likelihood of cancer risk in children.
The procedure involves the removal of eggs and their fertilisation in a laboratory. Once the embryos have reached a certain level of development, a cell is removed for testing. If the hereditary condition in question is discovered in the embryo's cell, the parents can decide whether to transfer embryos that do not have the mutation. It is highly recommended that people seek more information at an IVF clinic.
Individuals with a close family member who has had melanoma should frequently and closely monitor their skin for changes. Thorough skin checks should be performed every 3 to 6 months. Be sure to follow sun safety advice — use SPF30+ sunscreen and wear protective clothing (hats, sunscreen, and high-coverage clothes).
At your skin screenings, it's helpful to ask questions tailored to your family and personal situation. Your doctors will be able to give you the most specific answers for your body, particularly if you are concerned about familial melanoma:
Ultimately, the best we can all do is watch for changes to our skin. Be aware of the number of spots you have, and any alterations in pigmentation and size, and minimise sunburns. If you have children, start early with skin checks, particularly in melanoma-prone families. Melanoma is the most common cancer in young Australians.
Fortunately, familial melanoma has a higher survival rate than non-familial melanoma due to the practice of careful observation and early detection. So, if you have FAMMM or other genetic risk factors, be sure to self-check your skin (even those hard-to-see places) more regularly and book professional skin exams several times a year.
At SunDoctors, we offer comprehensive skin care prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management. Our clinics are equipped with resources and precise equipment for a streamlined skin cancer diagnosis, and our skin checks only take 15 minutes.
Any further questions about how your family might be at risk of skin cancer? Book a skin check appointment Online or speak to our friendly team, who are more than happy to provide any advice you may need.
The travel bug has arrived thick and fast for many Australians, flocking to the closest airport now that the world has opened back up post-pandemic.
Whether you are travelling interstate to see family after a long time apart or you're planning to check Europe off your bucket list — no one could blame you for hurriedly packing and rushing out the door. However, before you leave home, there is one important travel companion you should never leave behind: sunscreen.
Our hot Australian summers have trained us well to lather up and protect our skin, so if you're travelling somewhere tropical, remember to pack your sunscreen. But, sunscreen is a vital product to keep in your bag for any vacation, even if your destination is in the winter season or you are stuck on a long-haul flight to get there.
Keeping your sunscreen applied during travel is important, whether you're sitting in the window seat or sprawled out on the beach. The ultraviolet light exposure you can get from sitting behind an aeroplane window can cause a world of damage to your skin. If you've ever been sitting by the window on a particularly sunny day, you will know how hot and uncomfortable your seat can get and, worse, how red your skin can turn.
While you’re sitting in an aeroplane, UV rays don't have to travel as far to cause damage, as the elevated altitudes increase their intensity, increasing both your rate of ageing and your risk of skin cancer. Flying at 7000 to 12,000 metres high puts you much closer to the sun, and doing so for 60 minutes can be as dangerous as spending 20 minutes in a tanning bed since the Earth's atmosphere is less filtered at cruising altitudes than it is on the ground. Given that tanning bed services have been made illegal in Australia due to their high risk, that's saying something!
Pilots and airline crew are at a high risk of developing skin cancers like melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), as they are exposed to more ultraviolet and cosmic radiation compared to the general population. Non-melanoma skin cancers account for 60% of all cancers that develop among airline workers, and, while BCC and SCC are less invasive than melanoma, if left untreated, these cancers are likely to spread to nearby body tissue.
Glass windows in aeroplanes offer less protection than plastic. Aeroplane windows are sheeted with a covering that blocks most ultraviolet radiation, but glass is less defensive against UVA rays, contributing to a greater melanoma risk. While this lamination is more efficient against UVB radiation, the perpetrator of BCC and SCC, it is still a good tip to keep a tube of sunscreen in your carry-on bags (less than 100ml) and reapply throughout the flight.
A travel-sized tube of broad-spectrum sunscreen of at least SPF 30+ is handy to keep in your bags and is a great overall way to remember to be sun smart! Storing products in easy-to-see places will help jog your memory about re-application, an essential step in sun safety.
A broad-spectrum sunscreen should be applied approximately 30 minutes before your flight takes off or you leave your hotel and reapplied every 2 hours. You may feel silly applying sunscreen while technically 'indoors', but you can rest easily knowing harmful rays are being kept at bay.
Sunscreen should be worn when the UV Index is 3 (moderate) or above. Many people, both travellers and locals alike, get caught out because they don't apply the right amount or type of sunscreen at the right time. Pair that with the fact that most of the country has a UV Index of 3 or above for most of the year and that 85% of Australians don't apply enough sunscreen daily, the risk of skin cancer speaks for itself.
No sunscreen can block out 100% of the danger from the sun. However, when paired with clothing, shade, and a hat, it forms a strong line of defence. Your normal clothing—including hats, gloves and vests—will provide some protection against ultraviolet rays, called the UV Protection Factor (UPF). UV rays can penetrate through fabrics into the skin, so garments with a tighter weave, thicker or darker material, or the addition of UV-absorbing chemicals will offer the best coverage.
Don't forget that long-sleeved clothes will also provide plenty of protection against the sun.
The recommended amount of sunscreen for an adult is 5 ml for each limb plus the chest, back, face and neck, equating to approximately 35 ml over the entire body. The best practice is to apply sunscreen 20 minutes before going outside and reapply it every 2 hours, but more frequently if swimming or sweating.
When deciding which sunscreen to purchase, there are products to cater for everything! Any climate, sand, water, skin type, price range and personal preference... there are even insect-repellent sunscreens for those travelling to the tropics, hiking or camping. If you are not one for lotion or cream, tubed and roll-on options are also reliable. Spray sunscreens should be applied directly to the skin and rubbed in, paying careful attention to avoid the eyes.
And don't worry about sunbaking for that good Vitamin D! When the UV levels are above 3, you will get all the Vitamin D you need in just a few minutes while completing everyday activities, so head out for sightseeing instead!
When travelling, you're likely planning to download helpful apps and bookmark useful websites to keep your trip safe and fun.
A great tool regarding sun safety while travelling is the SunSmart sunscreen calculator, which will tell you how much sunscreen to apply based on your location in Australia.
Moreover, the SunSmart Global UV app uses information from the Bureau of Meteorology and the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPNSA) to inform you about your risk of sun exposure and alert you to reapply when needed. The app will allow you to plan your trip based on the UV prediction of your area, which should be just as closely monitored as your risk of getting caught in the rain.
If you're interested in monitoring the UV index manually, the ARPNSA has an incredibly accurate, location-based Ultraviolet Radiation monitor that breaks down the ultraviolet levels at your location hour-by-hour.
You deserve to spread your wings, explore the country and escape overseas.
The doctors at SunDoctors are the experts in checking your skin for signs of skin cancer. Before you head off, ensure a clean bill of health with a skin check at one of our clinics located near you, in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. We can't wait to hear about your travel plans and give both yourself and your family peace of mind, letting you and your loved ones enjoy your holiday adventures safe from the sun.
Call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to book your appointment today!
If you're one of the 1 million Australians living with atopic dermatitis (eczema), then you understand the challenges of finding the best protection against the summer sun. When you're dealing with skin irritation and inflammation, choosing the right sunscreen is paramount.
The national eczema association that supports people living with the debilitating skin condition, the Eczema Association Australasia, says that the chemicals, fragrances and preservatives in some sunscreens can exacerbate eczema flare-ups. So, how do you navigate through the wide range of choices at your local chemist?
To make things easier, we've compiled a list of what to look for when shopping for a gentle, safe sunscreen that won't cause a reaction.
Although eczema is a common skin condition that affects babies, children and adults, it can be a potentially debilitating problem that can impact a sufferer's entire well-being.
Eczema is when the skin does not hold moisture well, leading to dry, itchy skin and redness. It can be triggered by heat, stress or allergies in the environment.
Staying protected from sun damage is crucial if you suffer from eczema. While moderate sun exposure can have benefits for some people with eczema, it can cause flare-ups in others. Sunburn can cause inflammation and lead to infection, while the natural salts in perspiration can exacerbate eczema.
Sunscreen ingredients can be divided into two categories: physical (or mineral) and chemical. A mineral sunscreen is often the best option for people with eczema and sensitive skin. These reflect the sun's rays without being absorbed as the lotion sits on top of the skin layer.
Conversely, chemical brands penetrate the layers of your skin, absorbing the UV rays and emitting them from the body as heat. They tend to be more irritating, whereas mineral sunblocks act more like a moisturiser.
As sunscreens contain many ingredients, it can be a challenge to decipher which ones will cause a reaction. Doing a patch test a few days before a full application will ensure you and your family have no negative response.
Parabens are man-made chemicals used as preservatives in food, drink, makeup and pharmaceuticals. Reading the label on the sunscreen bottle is the best way to determine which sunscreens might contain an ingredient that can cause an eczema flare-up. Here are some of the good ingredients to look out for that are free from parabens:
Hydration is essential for preventing eczema flare-ups. So, when looking at the ingredients list, take special care to ensure they are natural and moisturising for you and your family's skin.
Aside from parabens, there are some other ingredients in sunscreen that are best avoided if you're living with eczema. Look out for the following when you're reading the packaging label:
By choosing mineral sunscreens, you can avoid damage to your ceramides (the natural oils in the skin) and prevent sun damage without the above ingredients.
Sunscreen in Australia is regulated by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). The TGA often reviews brands on the market to ensure they are effective and labelled correctly. You can tell if a sunscreen has been approved by the TGA by checking to see if it has an AUST L number on its label.
Apart from certifications, your skin cancer doctor can help guide you with the certifications and the best sunscreens to look for that suit your skin type.
Other certifications to look for include:
Sunscreens have a sun protection factor (SPF) number on the label, which can be between 4 and 50+. This offers a measure of protection. The higher the SPF number, the increased amount of protection against sunburn.
For example, SPF 30 means the sunscreen admits 1/30th of the UV rays, whereas SPF 50 admits 1/50th. In 2012, the TGA increased the standard for sunscreens from SPF30+ to SPF50+.
People are all different and can get sunburn due to a variety of factors, such as:
A sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 30 will offer you the best protection against the effects of sun exposure.
"Grandpa applying sunscreen to boy's face"
Ultraviolet rays from the sun reach the Earth's surface as either UVA or UVB rays, making reference to their wavelengths. These are the most damaging to our skin.
UVB rays produce sunburn and also cause skin cancer, including melanoma. UVA rays also play a part in causing cancer but penetrate into the deeper layer of the skin. They play the primary role in causing premature ageing, including wrinkles.
Sunscreen products labelled 'broad-spectrum' provide protection against both UVA and UVB rays.
"Aerial view of man underwater in pool"
A sunscreen that's water resistant is less likely to wear off during exercise from sweating or swimming. Even if the packaging states that the product is '4 hours water resistant', it is best to reapply sunscreen every two hours in order to attain the optimal level of SPF protection.
Applying sunscreen 20 minutes before heading out to the beach or any other activity under UV light offers the best protection.
Hot, dry summers can prove a nightmare for eczema sufferers. When the skin sweats, it can cause relentless itching and irritation because sweat contains irritants and causes the skin to become very dry.
As well as using a water-resistant mineral sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, the Eczema Association Australasia recommends applying moisturiser 30 minutes before applying sunscreen to reduce skin irritation.
However, applying sunscreen is just one measure that can help protect eczema-prone skin. Be sure to also:
Unfortunately, what works for one person won't work for others. The best way to find a sunscreen that doesn't cause an eczema flare-up is to follow the above tips to find products with a formula that's safe for your skin.
When trying a new product, always perform a patch test. Put a small amount of sunscreen on very small areas of your skin, such as on your neck behind your ear, where you are less likely to rub it or wash it away accidentally. Wait for at least 48 hours for signs of irritation or redness before you use the product on the rest of your body.
Research indicates eczema is linked to an increased risk of developing skin cancer. But it's important to remember that all skin types are susceptible to skin cancer and that early detection and treatment are key to a successful recovery. So, take control of your health and book in for a skin check today!
The doctors at SunDoctors are experts when it comes to skin cancer detection and treatment. They can also provide you with more information on how to best look after your skin and keep it safe from the sun. With clinics across QLD, NSW, VIC & SA, call us on 13 SKIN (13 75 46) to find your nearest clinic or to book an appointment.